Method of treating mineral oils.



MEILICH MELAMID, 0F FREIBURG, GERMANY.

METHOD OF TREATING MINERAL OILS.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Apr. 7, 1914.

Application filed November 18, 1912. Serial No. 732,141.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Mnrucn MELAMID, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of Freiburg, Baden, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Treating Mineral Oils, of

which the following is a full, clear, and exact the light hydrocarbons are previously respecification.

The employment of phosphoric acid for the purification of oils has been'previously suggested, however, the methods suggested for this purpose prove to be practically useless, as no satisfactory results could be obtained with the same. The reason for this must be seen in the fact that the work was carried on at too low a temperature. If for example phosphoric acid be addedto min-. eral oil, no appreciable effect is produced. Thus if the mineral oil is heated with phosphoric acid to 260 C. at which temperature the phosphoric acid is not yet converted into its compounds, it will not show any ap-' preciable efl'ect on the mineral oil. If however the work is carried on at a tempera ture of 300 C. and over, the phosphoric acid is converted into various other phos-- phorus compounds, for instance pyro and meta-phosphoric acid. It is clear that now entirely difierent products act on the oil than previously at a lower temperature, and the result obtained therefore will be a quite different one.

Notwithstanding all the efi'orts made hitherto, it has been impossible to obtain a product by the treatment of mineral oils which is serviceable and fit for the market without subsequent refining. Such a product however is obtained by the method form-- ing the object of the present invention.

The invention consists in heating mineral oil of any kind, with phosphoric acid at a temperature of approximately about 300 C. and more, at which the phosphoric acid is converted into various phosphorus compounds, phoric acid. The process can also be carried out in such a manner that a different oxygen compound or a mixture of oxygen compounds of phosphorus is employed for example a mixture of phosphoric acid,l'p y.ro-

phosphoric acid, meta-phosphoric acid'and for example pyroand meta phos-' eral oil, from which the light hydrocarbons have not been distilled, which when heated to 350 or 400 0. many difficulties present themselves; diiferent phosphorus products are employed in order that it may be possible to obtain the desired result at least partially at a lower temperature. If however moved by distillation and only the heavier oils, the employment of phosphoric acid is suflicient, because at a temperature beyond 300 C. it is converted into the said compounds necessary for the purposes desired to achieve. The process is therefore carried out according to the present invention and to the nature of the oil employed, for example in the followin manner: To each 1000 kg. of crude Wletze mineral oil or residues, are added 100 kg. of phosphoric acid or a mixture of 75 kg. of phosphoric acid, 10 kg. of pyro phosphoric acid, 10 kg. of meta-phosphoric acid, and approximately 2 kg. of phosphorus acid are added and then the mass is continuously stirred and heated. If crude oil is heated which still contains light hydrocarbons and if the treatment is effected with. different products of oxidation of phosphorus, the mass at the beginning is only heated to 150 C. This temperature is subsequently increased. In all other cases, as for instance in treating residues, and when phosphoric acid is employed, the mass must be heated to 350 C. and more from the outset and the distillation be effected in the usual manner, or, as at this temperature asphalt is very easily deposited with the phosphoric acid, the material must be allowed to stand and the oil must then be poured off the deposit. For instance 10 kg. of technical phosphoric acid can be heated in a still to it has hitherto been impossible to produce them.

Instead of carrying out the process with crude oils alone it can also be carried out with their distillates and thus oils of increased purity may be produced.

I claim:

1. Method of treating mineral oil with phosphoric acid consisting in converting the phosphoric acid at a temperature of approximately 300 C. and more into various phosphorus compounds, for instance yro-phosphoric and meta-phosphoric aci and subjecting the oil to the action of these compounds.

2. Method of treating mineral oil with phosphoric acid consisting in subjecting the oil to the action of the products of conversion of the phosphoric acid at high temperatures.

3. Method of treating mineral oil with phosphoric acid consisting in subjecting the oil to the action of products of oxidation of the phosphoric acid. I

I 4:. Method of treating mineral oil with phosphoric acid consisting in subjecting the oil to the action of the products of conversion of the phosphoric acid at the start to a lower temperature and finally increasing said temperature.

5. A process for producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treatingmineral oil and phosphoric acid at a temperature at which said acid -is converted into other phosphorus compounds and finally in letting these compounds act upon the mineral oil.

6. A process for producing pure mineral oils, consisting in adding phosphoric acid to mineral oil, heating the mixture for approximately 300 C. and more for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the said acid into various phosphorus compounds and finally in letting these compounds act on the mineral oil.

7; A process for producing pure mineraloils, consisting in treating the mineral oil which the acid is converted into pyro-phosphoric acid and meta-phosphoric acid and nally in letting these acids act upon the mineral oil.

8. A process of producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral oil with another oxidation compound of the phosphorus, then phosphoric acid, and finally heating the mixture to a high temperature.

9. A process of producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral oil with another oxidation compound of the phosphorus, then phosphoric acid, and heating the mixture to a low temperature.

10. A process of producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral oil or distillates of mineral oil with a mixture of products of oxidation of phosphorus and heating the mixture to a high temperature.

11. A process for producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral oil with a mixture of products of oxidation of phosphorus, and finally heating the mixture to a low temperature.

12. A process for producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral ,oil or distillates of mineral oil and a mixture of other roducts of oxidation of phosphorus, then p osphoric acid, and in finally heating the mixture to a low temperature which subsequently is raised.

13. A process for producing pure mineral oils, consisting in treating mineral oil or dis tillates of mineral oil and a mixture of phosphoric acid with other products of. oxidation of phosphorus and finally in heating the entire mixture to a low temperature which subsequently can be raised.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- DR. MEILIOH MELAMID. Witnesses: 1

MILo A. JEwE'r'r, JAooB SCHMIDT. 

